Emoticon Style: Interpreting Differences in Emoticons Across Cultures

Jaram Park · Vladimir Barash · Clay Fink · Meeyoung Cha

186 citations0/0 files storedProceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media

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Digital Communication and Language Linguistic research and analysis Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining

Abstract

Emoticons are a key aspect of text-based communication, and are the equivalent of nonverbal cues to the medium of online chat, forums, and social media like Twitter. As emoticons become more widespread in computer mediated communication, a vocabulary of different symbols with subtle emotional distinctions emerges especially across different cultures. In this paper, we investigate the semantic, cultural, and social aspects of emoticon usage on Twitter and show that emoticons are not limited to conveying a specific emotion or used as jokes, but rather are socio-cultural norms, whose meaning can vary depending on the identity of the speaker. We also demonstrate how these norms propagate through the Twitter @-reply network. We confirm our results on a large-scale dataset of over one billion Tweets from different time periods and countries.

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References

2009The Psychological Meaning of Words: LIWC and Computerized Text Analysis Methods 1986An Evolutionary Approach to Norms 1954Freedom and Control in Modern Society.2001The Impacts of Emoticons on Message Interpretation in Computer-Mediated Communication 2004Emoticons and social interaction on the Internet: the importance of social context 2008The Nonverbal Communication Functions of Emoticons in Computer-Mediated Communication 2006Are the windows to the soul the same in the East and West? Cultural differences in using the eyes and mouth as cues to recognize emotions in Japan and the United States 1991Evolution and facial action in reflex, social motive, and paralanguage

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2019A Systematic Review of Emoji: Current Research and Future Perspectives 2016Participatory Cultural Mapping Based on Collective Behavior Data in Location-Based Social Networks 2017Understanding Emoji Ambiguity in Context: The Role of Text in Emoji-Related Miscommunication 2021“Blissfully Happy” or “Ready toFight”: Varying Interpretations of Emoji 2014NOT ALL EMOTICONS ARE CREATED EQUAL

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