A Short History of Sociolinguistics in Scotland

Ronald K. S. Macaulay

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Linguistic Variation and Morphology Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies Historical Linguistics and Language Studies

Abstract

Scotland has long been a site for linguistic investigation, a fact borne partly from Scotland’s rich linguistic history and from the complex interplay of the country’s numerous language varieties. As such, Scotland was the focus for much of the early work in dialect geography in the UK, including James Murray’s publication of The Dialect of the Southern Counties of Scotland (1873), Alexander Ellis’ chapter on Lowland Scotland in his influential volume On Early English Pronunciation (1889), James Wilson’s The Dialect of Robert Burns as Spoken in Central Ayrshire (1923) and The Dialects of Central Scotland (1926), and Joseph Wright’s English Dialect Dictionary (1898–1905), which included examples drawn from Scotland. Although these publications offered a detailed picture of language use in Scotland in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, they almost completely ignored issues of sociolinguistic variation and change. This was partly challenged in the 1950s through research conducted for the Linguistic Survey of Scotland (Mather and Speitel 1975, 1977, 1986), but it was not until the mid-1970s that sociolinguistics was established as an important field of research in Scotland. But despite the fact that sociolinguistics is arguably now one of the largest areas of linguistic research in Scotland, we do not have a detailed treatment of how this research developed or how the field grew in this part of the world (although more general histories of sociolinguistics exist, e.g. the collected chapters in Paulston and Tucker 1997; Spolsky 2011). These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

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1968The Social Stratification of English in New York City.2012Three Waves of Variation Study: The Emergence of Meaning in the Study of Sociolinguistic Variation 1997The Social Differentiation of English in Norwich 1976The social differentiation of English in Norwich . By Peter Trudgill. (Cambridge studies in linguistics, 13.) Cambridge: University Press, 1974. Pp. x, 211. $14.50.1984Language in the British Isles 1980Sociolinguistic patterns in British English . Ed. by Peter Trudgill. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1978. Pp. 186.1980Linguistic variation : Models and methods. Edited by David Sankoff. New York: Academic Press, 1978. Pp. xvii, 296.2007“Mam, my trousers is fa'in doon!”: Community, caregiver, and child in the acquisition of variation in a Scottish dialect

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