An exploratory study of hospitality graduates' perceptions of liberal and vocational balance in higher education

Michael J. Gross · Ashokkumar Manoharan

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Hospitality and Tourism Education Vocational Education and Training Higher Education and Employability

Abstract

The challenges brought by tensions between liberal and vocational values are faced by all planners, deliverers, and students in higher education curricula. Hospitality higher education in particular has traditionally favoured a strong focus on the vocational aspects of curriculum. This exploratory study uses surveys and interviews with Le Cordon Bleu hospitality degree graduates with the aims of examining graduates' perceived balance of liberal and vocational values in hospitality higher education. The findings indicate a primarily vocational orientation among the study respondents. Three themes emerged from the analysis: the human experience, relevance of skills acquisition, and food and beverage orientation. The findings of this study develop further knowledge of higher education curricula and alumni experiences.

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