Work participation for people with severe mental illnesses: An integrative review of factors impacting job tenure

Anne Williams · Ellie M. Fossey · Marc Corbière · Tamar Paluch · Carol Ann Harvey

69 citations0/0 files storedAustralian Occupational Therapy Journal

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Disability Education and Employment Occupational Therapy Practice and Research Employment and Welfare Studies

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Enabling people with severe mental illness to sustain employment remains a challenge. This is despite most wishing to be employed, and the development of effective vocational interventions and employment supports for this population. To better understand how to enable their sustained involvement in the workforce, this review sought to identify, analyse and summarise studies investigating the factors that impact the job tenure of workers with severe mental illness, irrespective of the type of employment support they received. METHODS: An integrative literature review approach was employed to locate, appraise and synthesise quantitative and qualitative research focused on job tenure published in the 20 years up to 2013. Findings from nineteen studies were extracted and integrated using thematic analytic strategies. RESULTS: Job tenure was mostly conceptualised across the reviewed studies as time spent in individual jobs rather than as ongoing participation in the workforce. Three themes describe the factors contributing to job tenure: (1) the worker's experience of doing the current job; (2) natural supports in the workplace; and (3) strategies for integrating work, recovery and wellness, each of which could either support or impede ongoing employment. CONCLUSION: Occupational therapists, other vocational specialists and mental health staff can use these factors as a guide to supporting people with severe mental illness in employment. More detailed examination of job tenure is required in future research not only on job duration but also on the quality of jobs held, their value for career development and the role of services in supporting tenure.

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References

2005The integrative review: updated methodology 2005CONSEQUENCES OF INDIVIDUALS' FIT AT WORK: A META‐ANALYSIS OF PERSON–JOB, PERSON–ORGANIZATION, PERSON–GROUP, AND PERSON–SUPERVISOR FIT 2002Understanding and Evaluating Qualitative Research 2005Synthesising qualitative and quantitative evidence: A review of possible methods 2013Qualitative Data Analysis: An Introduction 2009A scoring system for appraising mixed methods research, and concomitantly appraising qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods primary studies in Mixed Studies Reviews 2008An update on randomized controlled trials of evidence-based supported employment.1998Job Terminations Among Persons with Severe Mental Illness Participating in Supported Employment

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2019An Integrative Review of the Barriers to Job Acquisition for People With Severe Mental Illnesses 2016Work Accommodations and Natural Supports for Employees with Severe Mental Illness in Social Businesses: An International Comparison 2019Health impacts of a WISE: a longitudinal study 2021Vocational Service Models and Approaches to Improve Job Tenure of People With Severe and Enduring Mental Illness: A Narrative Review

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