Alcohol Consumption as a Risk Factor for Suicidal Behavior: A Systematic Review of Associations at the Individual and at the Population Level

Thor Norström · Ingeborg Margrete Rossow

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Suicide and Self-Harm Studies Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse

Abstract

The objective of this study was to provide an updated review of the magnitude of the relationship between alcohol use and suicidal behaviour at the individual and the population level. Systematic literature searches retrieved 14 reviews of individual level studies and 16 primary population level studies. Alcohol abuse and alcohol intoxication are often present in suicidal behaviour; risk of suicide is elevated in alcohol abusers and increasing population drinking tends to be associated with increase in suicide rates. Estimated magnitude of the relationship differs for men and women and it varies at the population level across cultures with different drinking pattern. These variations probably reflect gender differences and cultural variation in drinking behavior generally. Empirical evidence for a causal relationship is still urgently needed.

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References

1951Suicide: A Study in Sociology.2008Suicide and Suicidal Behavior 1997Suicide as an outcome for mental disorders 2010Alcohol: No Ordinary Commodity 2004Association of alcohol and drug use disorders and completed suicide: an empirical review of cohort studies 2002Risk factors for suicide in later life 2000Risk Factors for Suicide and Attempted Suicide among Young People 2004Factors associated with suicidal phenomena in adolescents: A systematic review of population-based studies

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2020Alcohol use and risk of suicide: a systematic review and Meta-analysis 2018Substance use and suicidal ideation and behaviour in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review 2022Alcohol use and death by suicide: A meta‐analysis of 33 studies 2020Alcohol Use Disorder and Risk of Suicide in a Swedish Population-Based Cohort 2017Alcohol, cannabis and other drugs and subsequent suicide ideation and attempt among young Mexicans 2018

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