Article2016

Application of network analysis to identify interactive systems of eating disorder psychopathology

Kelsie Terese Forbush · Cynthia S. Q. Siew · Michael S. Vitevitch

131 citations0/0 files storedPsychological Medicine

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Eating Disorders and Behaviors Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Mental Health Research Topics

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Traditional approaches for the classification of eating disorders (EDs) attribute symptoms to an underlying, latent disease entity. The network approach is an alternative model in which mental disorders are represented as networks of interacting, self-reinforcing symptoms. This project was the first to use network analysis to identify interconnected systems of ED symptoms. METHOD: Adult participants (n = 143; 77.6% women) with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) ED were recruited from the community to take part in a larger ongoing longitudinal study. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders (SCID-I) was used to establish diagnoses. An undirected network of ED symptoms was created using items from the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory (EPSI) and the R package qgraph. RESULTS: Body checking emerged as the strongest and most important single symptom in the entire network by having the shortest average distance to other symptoms in the network, and by being the most frequent symptom on the path between any two other symptoms. Feeling the need to exercise every day and two symptoms assessing dietary restraint/restricting emerged as 'key players', such that their removal from the network resulted in maximal fracturing of the network into smaller components. CONCLUSIONS: Although cognitive-behavioral therapy for EDs focuses on reducing body checking to promote recovery, our data indicate that amplified efforts to address body checking may produce stronger (and more enduring) effects. Finally, results of the 'key players analysis' suggested that targeting interventions at these key nodes might prevent or slow the cascade of symptoms through the 'network' of ED psychopathology.

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References

2013Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 2012qgraph : Network Visualizations of Relationships in Psychometric Data 2013Network Analysis: An Integrative Approach to the Structure of Psychopathology 2011Prevalence and Correlates of Eating Disorders in Adolescents 2014The NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Project: Precision Medicine for Psychiatry 2008Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Eating Disorders 2014The RDoC framework: facilitating transition from ICD/DSM to dimensional approaches that integrate neuroscience and psychopathology 2013The DSM‐5: Classification and criteria changes

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