Articlebronze2017

Bullying and mental health and suicidal behaviour among 14- to 15-year-olds in a representative sample of Australian children

Rebecca Ford · Tania Louise King · Naomi Priest · Anne Marie Kavanagh

150 citations0/0 files storedAustralian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry

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Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression Suicide and Self-Harm Studies Workplace Violence and Bullying

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To provide the first Australian population-based estimates of the association between bullying and adverse mental health outcomes and suicidality among Australian adolescents. METHOD: Analysis of data from 3537 adolescents, aged 14-15 years from Wave 6 of the K-cohort of Longitudinal Study of Australian Children was conducted. We used Poisson and linear regression to estimate associations between bullying type (none, relational-verbal, physical, both types) and role (no role, victim, bully, victim and bully), and mental health (measured by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, symptoms of anxiety and depression) and suicidality. RESULTS: Adolescents involved in bullying had significantly increased Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, depression and anxiety scores in all bullying roles and types. In terms of self-harm and suicidality, bully-victims had the highest risk of self-harm (prevalence rate ratio 4.7, 95% confidence interval [3.26, 6.83]), suicidal ideation (prevalence rate ratio 4.3, 95% confidence interval [2.83, 6.49]), suicidal plan (prevalence rate ratio 4.1, 95% confidence interval [2.54, 6.58]) and attempts (prevalence rate ratio 2.7, 95% confidence interval [1.39, 5.13]), followed by victims then bullies. The experience of both relational-verbal and physical bullying was associated with the highest risk of self-harm (prevalence rate ratio 4.6, 95% confidence interval [3.15, 6.60]), suicidal ideation or plans (prevalence rate ratio 4.6, 95% confidence interval [3.05, 6.95]; and 4.8, 95% confidence interval [3.01, 7.64], respectively) or suicide attempts (prevalence rate ratio 3.5, 95% confidence interval [1.90, 6.30]). CONCLUSION: This study presents the first national, population-based estimates of the associations between bullying by peers and mental health outcomes in Australian adolescents. The markedly increased risk of poor mental health outcomes, self-harm and suicidal ideation and behaviours among adolescents who experienced bullying highlights the importance of addressing bullying in school settings.

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References

1997The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: A Research Note 1998A measure of anxiety symptoms among children 1995Development of a short questionnaire for use in epidemiological studies of depression in children and adolescents.1999Comparing the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the Child Behavior Checklist: Is Small Beautiful?2013School Bullying: Development and Some Important Challenges 2009Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire as a Dimensional Measure of Child Mental Health 2001Bullies, Victims, and Bully/Victims:20092007 National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing: Methods and Key Findings

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