Measurement Invariance in Comparing Attitudes Toward Immigrants Among Youth Across Europe in 1999 and 2009

Ingrid M. E. Munck · Carolyn Henry Barber · Judith V. Torney-Purta

75 citations0/0 files storedSociological Methods & Research

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Psychometric Methodologies and Testing Migration, Refugees, and Integration Social and Intergroup Psychology

Abstract

This study applies the alignment method, a technique for assessing measurement equivalence across many groups, to the analysis of adolescents’ support for immigrants’ rights in a pooled data set from the 1999 International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) Civic Education Study and the 2009 IEA International Civics and Citizenship Education Study. We examined measurement invariance across 92 groups (country by cohort by gender), finding that a five-item scale was statistically well-grounded for unbiased group comparisons despite the presence of significant noninvariance in some groups. Using the resulting group mean scores, we compared European youth’s attitudes finding that female students had more positive attitudes than did male students across countries and cohorts. An analysis of countries participating in both studies revealed that students in most countries demonstrated more positive attitudes in 2009 than in 1999. The alignment methodology makes it feasible to comprehensively assess measurement invariance in large data sets and to compute aligned factor scores for the full sample that can update existing databases for more efficient further secondary analysis and with metainformation concerning measurement invariance.

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2012A checklist for testing measurement invariance 1971Simultaneous Factor Analysis in Several Populations 2002Citizenship and education in twenty-eight countries: civic knowledge and engagement at age fourteen 2010Comparative Analyses of Public Attitudes Toward Immigrants and Immigration Using Multinational Survey Data: A Review of Theories and Research 2014Multiple-Group Factor Analysis Alignment 2014Measurement Equivalence in Cross-National Research 2000The Developmental Theory of the Gender Gap: Women’s and Men’s Voting Behavior in Global Perspective 2003Introduction to Survey Quality

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