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Laser Irradiation of Organic Tattoo Pigments Releases Carcinogens with 3,3′-Dichlorobenzidine Inducing DNA Strand Breaks in Human Skin Cells
7 references·13 citing·28 second hop
Laser Irradiation of Organic Tattoo Pigments Releases Carcinogens with 3,3′-Dichlorobenzidine Inducing DNA Strand Breaks in Human Skin Cells (2018)Laser Irradiation of Organic Tattoo Pigme…Photostability and Breakdown Products of Pigments Currently Used in Tattoo Inks (2015)Photostability and Breakdown …Formation of highly toxic hydrogen cyanide upon ruby laser irradiation of the tattoo pigment phthalocyanine blue (2015)Formation of highly toxic hyd…A medical-toxicological view of tattooing (2015)A medical-toxicological view …Tattoos, inks, and cancer (2012)Tattoos, inks, and cancerTattooing of skin results in transportation and light‐induced decomposition of tattoo pigments – a first quantification in vivo using a mouse model (2009)Tattooing of skin results in …Modern tattoos cause high concentrations of hazardous pigments in skin (2008)Modern tattoos cause high con…Tattoo Pigments are Cleaved by Laser Light—The Chemical Analysis In Vitro Provide Evidence for Hazardous Compounds¶ (2004)Tattoo Pigments are Cleaved b…Tat_BioV: tattoo ink exposure and biokinetics of selected tracers in a short-term clinical study of 24 subjects (2025)Tat_BioV: tattoo ink exposure…Challenges in laser tattoo removal: the impact of titanium dioxide on photodegradation of yellow inks (2025)Challenges in laser tattoo re…Accelerated aging modulates the toxicological properties of the diazo tattoo pigment PO13 (2025)Accelerated aging modulates t…Investigation of Adverse Reactions in Tattooed Skin through Histological and Chemical Analysis (2023)Investigation of Adverse Reac…Determination of Selected Elements in Commercially Available Tattoo Inks of the Greek Market Using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (2023)Determination of Selected Ele…Phototoxic versus photoprotective effects of tattoo pigments in reconstructed human skin models (2021)Phototoxic versus photoprotec…Laser vs. thermal treatments of green pigment PG36: coincidence and toxicity of processes (2021)Laser vs. thermal treatments …Cutaneous Malignancies in Tattoos, a Case Series of Six Patients (2021)Cutaneous Malignancies in Tat…Current knowledge of the degradation products of tattoo pigments by sunlight, laser irradiation and metabolism: a systematic review (2021)Current knowledge of the degr…Treatments of a phthalocyanine-based green ink for tattoo removal purposes: generation of toxic fragments and potentially harmful morphologies (2020)Treatments of a phthalocyanin…TatS: a novel in vitro tattooed human skin model for improved pigment toxicology research (2020)TatS: a novel in vitro tattoo…Complications des tatouages : classification clinique, histologique, physiopathologique, cinétique des particules (2020)Complications des tatouages :…Body-decorating products: Ingredients of permanent and temporary tattoos from analytical and european regulatory perspectives (2019)Body-decorating products: Ing…Comparison of Responses of Tattoos to Picosecond and Nanosecond Q-Switched Neodymium:YAG Lasers (1998)Tattoos and body piercings in the United States: A national data set (2006)Classification of Tattoo Complications in a Hospital Material of 493 Adverse Events (2016)Medical Complications of Tattoos: A Comprehensive Review (2016)Synchrotron-based ν-XRF mapping and μ-FTIR microscopy enable to look into the fate and effects of tattoo pigments in human skin (2017)The Q-switched neodymium: YAG laser and tattoos: a microscopic analysis of laser-tattoo interactions (1997)Identification and hazard prediction of tattoo pigments by means of pyrolysis—gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (2016)Tattoos as a risk factor for malignant lymphoma: a population-based case–control study (2024)Q-switch laser and tattoo pigments: First results of the chemical and photophysical analysis of 41 compounds (2000)In vitro quantitative chemical analysis of tattoo pigments. (2001)Photosensitivity and photodynamic events in black, red and blue tattoos are common: A ‘Beach Study’ (2013)Distribution of nickel and chromium containing particles from tattoo needle wear in humans and its possible impact on allergic reactions (2019)Safety of tattoos and permanent make-up: a regulatory view (2020)Infectious Complications of Tattoos (1994)Tattoo inks contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that additionally generate deleterious singlet oxygen (2010)Tattoo inks in general usage contain nanoparticles (2011)Treatment of tattoos by Q-switched ruby laser. A dose-response study (1990)Clinical Use of the Q‐Switched Ruby and the Q‐Switched Nd:YAG (1064 nm and 532 nm) Lasers for Treatment of Tattoos (1993)The Q-switched Nd:YAG laser effectively treats tattoos. A controlled, dose-response study (1993)Adverse Reactions after Tattooing: Review of the Literature and Comparison to Results of a Survey (2013)Patch test study of 90 patients with tattoo reactions: Negative outcome of allergy patch test to baseline batteries and culprit inks suggests allergen(s) are generated in the skin through haptenization (2014)Laser assisted tattoo removal – state of the art and new developments (2018)Chemical hazard of tattoo colorants (2020)“For Asia Market Only”: A Green Tattoo Ink between Safety and Regulations (2022)Comparative treatments of a green tattoo ink with Ruby, Nd:YAG nano- and picosecond lasers in normal and array mode (2022)Immediate and Sustained Effects of Cobalt and Zinc-Containing Pigments on Macrophages (2022)In vivo visualisation of tattoo particles using multiphoton tomography and fluorescence lifetime imaging (2022)Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Tattoo: A Man With a Tattoo-Associated Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Review of Benign Tumors, Lymphoid Conditions, and Malignant Neoplasms Occurring Within a Tattoo (2022)
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References

  • 2015A medical-toxicological view of tattooing275 cited
  • 2012Tattoos, inks, and cancer226 cited
  • 2004Tattoo Pigments are Cleaved by Laser Light—The Chemical Analysis In Vitro Provide Evidence for Hazardous Compounds¶131 cited
  • 2008Modern tattoos cause high concentrations of hazardous pigments in skin124 cited
  • 2009Tattooing of skin results in transportation and light‐induced decomposition of tattoo pigments – a first quantification in vivo using a mouse model116 cited
  • 2015Photostability and Breakdown Products of Pigments Currently Used in Tattoo Inks69 cited
  • 2015Formation of highly toxic hydrogen cyanide upon ruby laser irradiation of the tattoo pigment phthalocyanine blue61 cited

Cited by

  • 2021Current knowledge of the degradation products of tattoo pigments by sunlight, laser irradiation and metabolism: a systematic review29 cited
  • 2021Cutaneous Malignancies in Tattoos, a Case Series of Six Patients26 cited
  • 2020Treatments of a phthalocyanine-based green ink for tattoo removal purposes: generation of toxic fragments and potentially harmful morphologies20 cited
  • 2019Body-decorating products: Ingredients of permanent and temporary tattoos from analytical and european regulatory perspectives19 cited
  • 2020TatS: a novel in vitro tattooed human skin model for improved pigment toxicology research19 cited
  • 2023Investigation of Adverse Reactions in Tattooed Skin through Histological and Chemical Analysis

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8 cited
  • 2025Challenges in laser tattoo removal: the impact of titanium dioxide on photodegradation of yellow inks7 cited
  • 2021Laser vs. thermal treatments of green pigment PG36: coincidence and toxicity of processes7 cited
  • 2025Tat_BioV: tattoo ink exposure and biokinetics of selected tracers in a short-term clinical study of 24 subjects7 cited
  • 2025Accelerated aging modulates the toxicological properties of the diazo tattoo pigment PO136 cited
  • 2021Phototoxic versus photoprotective effects of tattoo pigments in reconstructed human skin models6 cited
  • 2020Complications des tatouages : classification clinique, histologique, physiopathologique, cinétique des particules6 cited
  • 2023Determination of Selected Elements in Commercially Available Tattoo Inks of the Greek Market Using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry5 cited