An Evaluation of the Model of Acceptance of E-Assessment Among Academics in Saudi Universities

Abstract

E-assessment was introduced to overcome some of the limitations in paper-test assessment methods. Educational institutions have become more interested in adopting E-assessment, especially in classes with large numbers of students. This paper investigates the factors that influence Saudi academics to accept E-assessment, in order to give a clear picture for institutions before adopting E-assessment. A Model of Acceptance of E-assessment (MAE) has been developed [1] built from the existing theories and models of acceptance and use of information and communication technology (ICT) and other related studies. In previous stage of this study interviews with experts in Saudi Universities were conducted to refine the factors in MAE [2], and a questionnaire was then distributed to confirm the interview results. In the next stage of the study, another questionnaire was distributed to all academics in Saudi universities to evaluate the factors and find the most affecting factors on academics’ intention and to examine the relationships between these factors using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analysis. Finally, the SEM results were explored by focus group discussions, among ten Saudi academics. The results show that Attitude was the most affecting factor that had an impact on Saudi academics’ behavioural intention to accept E-assessment, followed by Subjective Norm, while Perceived Behavioural Control had no effect on their intention to accept E-assessment. Compatibility was found to have the most impact on Attitude, followed by Perceived Ease of Use and Perceived Usefulness, while Awareness of E-assessment had no effect on Attitude. Superior Influence had a strong influence on Subjective Norm, and only Self-Efficacy had an impact on Perceived Behavioural Control. Age was also examined as a moderating factor that might affect the relationships between Attitude, Subjective Norm and Perceived Behavioural Control and Behavioural Intention. The findings revealed that age had a positive and direct effect on the relationship between Attitude and Behavioural Intention, whereas it was found to have a low influence, on the relationship of Subjective Norm and Behavioural Intention.

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