Differences in Step Counts, Motor Competence, and Enjoyment Between an Exergaming Group and a Non-Exergaming Group

You Fu · Ryan D. Burns · Nora L. Constantino · Peng Zhang

28 citations0/0 files storedGames for Health Journal

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Children's Physical and Motor Development Physical Activity and Health Educational Games and Gamification

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an exergaming program on physical activity, motor competence, and enjoyment in preschool children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A sample of 65 preschool children was recruited from an urban preschool located in the Western United States. Children were randomly assigned to either an exergaming (n = 36) or a free-play group (n = 29). The intervention was 30 min/day, 5 days/week for 12 weeks for both groups, and all outcome variables were measured once during the final week of the intervention. The exergaming program included three active videogames: GoNoodles, Adventure to Fitness, and Cosmic Kids Yoga. Children in the free-play group were offered a variety of sport activities. School-day step counts were recorded using pedometers, motor competence was assessed by the Test for Gross Motor Development-Edition 3 (TGMD-3), and enjoyment was accessed using one subscale of the Intrinsic Motivational Inventory. A 2 × 2 multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) test was employed to examine the differences between sexes and groups on the outcome variables. RESULTS: The omnibus MANOVA yielded a statistically significant multivariate group main effect (F = 3.71, P = 0.016). Follow-up tests revealed statistically significant differences between groups on average school step counts (mean difference = 785 steps, P = 0.003, d = 0.68) and total TGMD-3 scores (mean difference = 8.7, P = 0.019, d = 0.51), with the exergaming group displaying higher mean scores compared with the free-play group. CONCLUSION: Young children who were randomly assigned to the exergaming group demonstrated higher school-day step counts and higher motor competence levels compared with the free-play group. These results support the use of this modality in childcare settings.

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References

1989Psychometric Properties of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory in a Competitive Sport Setting: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis 2015Motor Competence and its Effect on Positive Developmental Trajectories of Health 2008Motor Skill Performance and Physical Activity in Preschool Children 1947Test “Reliability”: Its Meaning and Determination 2015Relationship Between Fundamental Motor Skill Competence and Physical Activity During Childhood and Adolescence: A Systematic Review 2017Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Test of Gross Motor Development—Third Edition 2015Early motor skill competence as a mediator of child and adult physical activity 2014A longitudinal study of gross motor coordination and weight status in children

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