Intersectionality and the Disparate Experiences of Latinos Based on the Immigrant Status of Family Members

Abstract

This research study investigated the experience of Latinos in mixed-citizenship status and nonmixed status (authorized) immigrant families by using a critical race theory framework. Nineteen Latino participants living in immigrant families described their experience through an in-depth interview process. The data were analyzed with a grounded theory approach. The findings provide a framework for understanding how macro-level factors affect Latinos on the basis of their intersecting identities, including the citizenship and immigrant status of nuclear family members. Participants described the privileges that accompany authorized immigrant status and U.S. citizenship. These privileges are tangible, including increased levels of protections from deportation and family separation, educational and occupational opportunities, and the ability to legally drive according to U.S. law. These privileges are also intangible, encompassing feeling accepted and protected and having decreased levels of worry regarding issues such as working, driving, la migra (immigration authorities), police, criminalization, and racial implications. Participants’ narratives elucidate the ways in which they perceive the meaning of race and ethnicity and how skin phenotype, presumed racial or ethnic identification, and country of origin affect their experiences. This article concludes with implications for social work practice, including considerations for more culturally responsive practice when working with Latino immigrant families.

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