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Racial categories in machine learning

16 references·16 citing·27 second hopsampled

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References

2001Birds of a Feather: Homophily in Social Networks18,551 cited
2018Gender Shades: Intersectional Accuracy Disparities in Commercial Gender Classification3,509 cited
2014Racial Formation in the United States3,505 cited
2012Fairness through awareness3,501 cited
2014Big Data's Disparate Impact3,046 cited
2018Algorithms of Oppression2,709 cited
2016Equality of Opportunity in Supervised Learning2,535 cited
2017Fair Prediction with Disparate Impact: A Study of Bias in Recidivism Prediction Instruments2,157 cited
2015Certifying and Removing Disparate Impact1,827 cited
2017Algorithmic Decision Making and the Cost of Fairness1,149 cited
2018Racial Formation in the United States1,100 cited
2017Counterfactual Fairness995 cited
2008Categorically unequal: the American stratification system898 cited
2012The Declining Significance of Race849 cited
20043. Measures of Spatial Segregation792 cited
2015Capital in the 21st Century763 cited

Cited by

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2021Conservative AI and social inequality: conceptualizing alternatives to bias through social theory95 cited
2022Towards Intersectionality in Machine Learning: Including More Identities, Handling Underrepresentation, and Performing Evaluation90 cited
2021Designing Disaggregated Evaluations of AI Systems: Choices, Considerations, and Tradeoffs71 cited
2020Saving Face: Investigating the Ethical Concerns of Facial Recognition Auditing69 cited
2020A vulnerability analysis: Theorising the impact of artificial intelligence decision-making processes on individuals, society and human diversity from a social justice perspective68 cited
2021Image Cropping on Twitter: Fairness Metrics, their Limitations, and the Importance of Representation, Design, and Agency59 cited
2024FairCLIP: Harnessing Fairness in Vision-Language Learning58 cited
2020Theory In, Theory Out: The Uses of Social Theory in Machine Learning for Social Science58 cited
2022The statistical fairness field guide: perspectives from social and formal sciences51 cited
2022Social impacts of algorithmic decision-making: A research agenda for the social sciences51 cited
2020How do fairness definitions fare? Testing public attitudes towards three algorithmic definitions of fairness in loan allocations50 cited
2021One Label, One Billion Faces46 cited
2023Which Skin Tone Measures Are the Most Inclusive? An Investigation of Skin Tone Measures for Artificial Intelligence42 cited
2021From Learning to Relearning: A Framework for Diminishing Bias in Social Robot Navigation41 cited