Modeling the Direct and Indirect Determinants of Different Types of Individual Job Performance

Abstract

Despite the importance of citizenship performance and adaptive performance to Army junior commissioned officer job performance, there has been very little published research studying these constructs in a military setting and there is no well-established model of the process by which individual differences predict citizenship or adaptive performance. The purpose of this research was to test a model of the process through which individual difference variables work to influence performance on specific performance dimensions. To test this model, we assembled and developed a battery of instruments that are construct-valid measures of each component of the model and administered them to 155 ROTC cadets. Results supported our model with some modifications. Individual differences in ability, personality, and experience influence performance through the mediating variables of knowledge, skill, and three components of motivation (motives, proactive cognitions, and self-regulation). A different model was found to describe the process depending on whether the performance dimension was an element of task, citizenship, or adaptive performance.

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