Australias population trends and prospects 1991.

Abstract

Australias population trends and prospects are examined for population size and growth natural increase net migration and age structure. Data on population includes an overview of annual growth from 1947-90 components of population growth (natural increase and net migration) and for the first time household formation. The growth rate is compared to that of 15 other developed and developing countries. Net migration is described in terms of international migration internal migration immigration levels and permanent arrivals illegal immigration permanent departures religion and projected birthplace composition. The number of residents born overseas is projected to increase from 21.2% in 1986 to 24.1% in 2021 of which 7.6% would be Asian-born. European birthplace immigrant groups are expected to decline. The components of the discussion on are: aging of the population and the determinants of aging comparative age structure and the contributions of the elderly as a social resource and a growing economic and political force. The dependency burden will increase but it is expected that the costs will be affordable. The aged constitute 1.9% of the total labor force. Little research has been done on alternative work options such as phased retirement annuitant pools contract work multiple flexible work arrangements and job redesign and part time employment. Population distribution is discussed in terms of trends causes of the pattern and the projected population of cities and states. Population projections include an overview long-term and short-term projections methodology assumptions and results. The appendixes contain demographic statistics for selected countries in 1991 and a diary of immigration legislation and regulations for 1990-91. The executive summary highlights the fact that Australias population increase was 1.4% between 1990-91 which is slightly lower than in the two preceding years. Australia is experiencing below replacement level fertility a high level of immigration aging of the older established birthplace groups and changes in the birthplace composition of its immigration population. Current world population increase is 1.7% annually. .3% of the worlds population live in Australia. Children constitute 22% of the total population and the aged 11%. Median age is rising. The most populous states are New South Wales and Victoria which have 60% of the population.

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