The Effect of Partial Automation on Driver Attention: A Naturalistic Driving Study

John Gaspar · Cher Carney

95 citations0/0 files storedHuman Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society

No readable copy stored yet — this record is metadata only.

No open-access location is known for this record yet.

Literature note Cite in a project Citation map

Human-Automation Interaction and Safety Traffic and Road Safety Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This naturalistic driving study investigated how drivers deploy visual attention in a partially automated vehicle. BACKGROUND: Vehicle automation is rapidly increasing across vehicle fleets. This increase in automation will likely have both positive and negative consequences as drivers learn to use the new technology. Research is needed to understand how drivers interact with partially automated vehicle systems and what impact new technology has on driver attention. METHOD: Ten participants drove a Tesla Model S for 1 week during their daily commute on a stretch of busy interstate. Drivers were instructed to use Autopilot, a system that provides both lateral and longitudinal control, as much as they felt comfortable while driving on the interstate. Driver-facing video data were recorded and manually reduced to examine glance behavior. RESULTS: Drivers primarily allocated their visual attention between the forward roadway (74% of glance time) and the instrument panel (13%). With partial automation engaged, drivers made longer single glances and had longer maximum total-eyes-off-road time (TEORT) associated with a glance cluster. CONCLUSION: These results provide a window into the nature of visual attention while driving with partial vehicle automation. The results suggest that drivers may be more willing to execute long, "outlier" glances and clusters of glances to off-road locations with partial automation. The findings highlight several important human factors considerations for partially automated vehicles.

Paper brief

Loading…

Cite this work

Citation unavailable for this work.

BibTeX RIS CSL-JSON

No public copy is stored for this record, so only the metadata is cited.

Citations in this library

Citation map →

Stored only when both papers are in the corpus — 95 citations exist upstream.

References

2010Complacency and Bias in Human Use of Automation: An Attentional Integration 1992Trust, control strategies and allocation of function in human-machine systems 1995The Out-of-the-Loop Performance Problem and Level of Control in Automation 1993Performance Consequences of Automation-Induced 'Complacency'2015What determines the take-over time? An integrated model approach of driver take-over after automated driving 2012Highly Automated Driving, Secondary Task Performance, and Driver State 2013Behavioural changes in drivers experiencing highly-automated vehicle control in varying traffic conditions 2012Control Task Substitution in Semiautomated Driving

Cited by

2021Perceived safety and trust in SAE Level 2 partially automated cars: Results from an online questionnaire 2020Evaluating driver eye glance behavior and secondary task engagement while using driving automation systems 2021Underload on the Road: Measuring Vigilance Decrements During Partially Automated Driving 2020The accuracy of interrater reliability estimates found using a subset of the total data sample: A bootstrap analysis

Explore the map →

Papers that cite the same references — the relational fallback while embeddings are still backfilling.

Imported from OpenAlex (CC0) — nothing here is generated.