Predicting blood donation intention: the importance of fear

Philippe T. Gilchrist · Barbara Masser

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Blood donation and transfusion practices Organ Donation and Transplantation Behavioral Health and Interventions

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Blood donor recruitment remains an important worldwide challenge due to changes in population demographics and shifts in the demand for blood. Various cognitive models help predict donation intention, although the importance of affective deterrents has become increasingly evident. This study aimed to identify fears that predict donation intention, to explore their relative importance, and to determine if self-efficacy and attitude mediate this relationship, thus providing possible targets for intervention. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 347 individuals (269 nondonors and 78 donors) living in Québec responded to questionnaires assessing medical fears, psychosocial factors related to donation intention including the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) constructs, anticipated regret, and facilitating factors (i.e., time commitment and rewards). To examine the relative importance of these factors in the context of blood donation, the same questions were also asked about other medical activities that involve salient needle stimuli: flu vaccinations and dental examinations. RESULTS: Medical fears, especially blood-related fears, were significantly associated with donation intention. Bootstrapping tests confirmed that this relation was mediated by attitude and self-efficacy. Underlining the importance of medical fears in the blood donation context, these fears were not associated with attitudes and intentions for dental examinations or flu vaccinations. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that medical fears, especially blood-related fears, play a key role in predicting donation attitudes and intentions. Mediational pathways provide support for interventions to improve donation intentions by addressing specific fears while also improving a donor's belief in his or her ability to manage donation-related fears.

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References

1972Self-Perception Theory 1998Health promotion from the perspective of social cognitive theory 2001Social Cognitive Determinants of Blood Donation 2008The Psychology of Blood Donation: Current Research and Future Directions 2013Challenges in the management of the blood supply 1998Models of human social behavior and their application to health psychology 2007Determinants of repeated blood donation among new and experienced blood donors 2008Predicting blood donation intentions and behavior among Australian blood donors: testing an extended theory of planned behavior model

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2021Blood Donation Fear, Perceived Rewards, Self-Efficacy, and Intention to Return Among Whole Blood Donors in China: A Social Cognitive Perspective 2021Improving the donation experience and reducing venipuncture pain by addressing fears among whole‐blood and plasma donors 2021Predicting the Intention to Donate Blood among Blood Donors Using a Decision Tree Algorithm 2023Applying a modified and extended theory of planned behavior to predict blood donation intentions among Chinese university students: An empirical investigation

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