Each p[ɚ]son does it th[εː] way: Rhoticity variation and the community grammar

Tamsin Blaxter · Kate Beeching · Richard Coates

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Linguistic Variation and Morphology Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation Phonetics and Phonology Research

Abstract

Abstract This paper examines individual differences in constraints on linguistic variation in light of Labov's (2007) proposal that adult change (diffusion) disrupts systems of constraints and Tamminga, MacKenzie, and Embick's (2016) typology of constraints. It is shown that, in pooling data from multiple speakers, some of the complexity in structured community variation may be overlooked. Data on rhoticity from speakers of Bristol English are compared to 34 previous studies of rhoticity in varieties of English around the world. Constraints found to be consistent across varieties are also found to be consistent across speakers of Bristol English, whereas those that differ between varieties also differ between individuals, implying that only those which differ are truly part of the grammar, and that these are indeed disrupted by diffusion.

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References

1968The Social Stratification of English in New York City.2000Sociolinguistic Patterns 1990The intersection of sex and social class in the course of linguistic change 1980Locating Language in Time and Space 2007Transmission and diffusion 2001Word Frequencies in Written and Spoken English: Based on the British National Corpus 2007Language Change Across the Lifespan: /r/ in Montreal French 2012The listener as a source of sound change

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2021Gender separation and the speech community: Rhoticity in early 20th century Southland New Zealand English 2023An acoustic analysis of rhoticity in Lancashire, England 2024We /r/ Tongan, not American: Variation and the social meaning of rhoticity in Tongan English

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