The Effects of Attentional Focus Instructions and Task Difficulty in a Paced Fine Motor Skill

Louisa D. Raisbeck · Masahiro Yamada · Jed A. Diekfuss

30 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Motor Behavior

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Sport Psychology and Performance Motor Control and Adaptation Sports and Physical Education Research

Abstract

An external focus of attention is considered superior to an internal focus for learning and performance. However, findings specific to changing the task difficulty are inconsistent. The present study used a reciprocal aiming task to determine the effects of attentional focus on motor performance using speed-accuracy paradigm. We constrained timing to examine how internal and external focus of attention influenced accuracy when task difficulty changes. The results indicated greater accuracy on the right target and greater consistency on both targets for the external focus condition, regardless of task difficulty. Our results uniquely demonstrated how instruction modified a speed-accuracy task.

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References

1997Perception and Action Planning 2016Optimizing performance through intrinsic motivation and attention for learning: The OPTIMAL theory of motor learning 2012Attentional focus and motor learning: a review of 15 years 2001The automaticity of complex motor skill learning as a function of attentional focus 2002When paying attention becomes counterproductive: Impact of divided versus skill-focused attention on novice and experienced performance of sensorimotor skills.1998Instructions for Motor Learning: Differential Effects of Internal Versus External Focus of Attention 2003Increasing the distance of an external focus of attention enhances learning 2005Increased movement accuracy and reduced EMG activity as the result of adopting an external focus of attention

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