Psycho-Physiological Stress Recovery in Outdoor Nature-Based Interventions: A Systematic Review of the Past Eight Years of Research

Sus Sola Corazon · Ulrik Sidenius · Dorthe Varning Poulsen · Marie Christoffersen Gramkow · Ulrika Karlsson Stigsdotter

296 citations0/0 files storedInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

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Urban Green Space and Health Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions Outdoor and Experiential Education

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In modern, urban daily life, natural environments are increasingly recognized as an important resource for stress recovery and general well-being. AIM: the present review aims to provide an overview and synthesis of the past eight years' research into the psycho-physiological effects of outdoor nature-based interventions, related to stress recovery. METHOD: a structured search was performed in seven databases, returning 5618 articles. Removal of duplicates and initial screening gave a total of 95 studies. After full text reading, 36 studies were included in the assessment. RESULTS: most of the psychological outcomes were related to different emotional measures. The synthesis of the results points towards outdoor, nature-based exposure having a positive effect on different emotional parameters, related to stress relief. The studies into physiological measures showed more equivocal results. CONCLUSION: the research, conducted over the past eight years, into outdoor, nature-based exposure has now attained a sound evidence base for psychological and especially emotional effects, but the evidence base for physiological effects within this timeframe shows a great degree of heterogeneity. LIMITATIONS: interpretation of the results is limited by the review only covering the past eight years' research on the subject.

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