The Glass Door of Academia: Unveiling New Gendered Bias in Academic Recruitment

Ilenia Picardi

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Gender Diversity and Inequality Gender and Feminist Studies Employment, Labor, and Gender Studies

Abstract

Gender statistics and studies on gendering mechanisms have been developing over recent years on two parallel tracks. This research reveals the need to rethink the standard indicators used in European comparative analyses to identify (1) gender-related mechanisms responsible for the production and reproduction processes of gender asymmetries, (2) their specificities in different local contexts, and (3) the profound transformations that have characterized the academies and the research system in Europe in recent years. The paper analyses the data on the composition of Italian academia provided by the Italian Ministry of Education, universities and research from a gender perspective. The introduction of the glass door index, specifically designed to measure gendering processes taking place in the recruitment stages in Italian academia, discloses new forms of gender segregation in Italian universities after the last academic reform (Law 240/2010), despite the emphasis placed on the neutral and meritocratic criteria of the new recruitment and career progression rules.

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References

1991Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity 1990HIERARCHIES, JOBS, BODIES:2000Generic Processes in the Reproduction of Inequality: An Interactionist Analysis 2003“Said and Done” Versus “Saying and Doing”2000THE EPISTEMOLOGY OF THE GENDERED ORGANIZATION 2011Gender practices in the construction of academic excellence: Sheep with five legs 2000Theories of Gender in Organizations: A New Approach to Organizational Analysis and Change11We are grateful to Lotte Bailyn and our colleagues affiliated with the Center for Gender in Organizations, Simmons Graduate School of Management – Gill Coleman, Joyce Fletcher, Deborah Kolb, Deborah Merrill-Sands, Rhona Rapoport, and Bridgette Sheridan – for their contributions to these ideas and for their foundational research, on which this paper builds. We also appreciate the feedback we received on an earlier draft from members of the FSC Research Group, Elaine Backman, Herminia Ibarra, Maureen Scully, and Kathleen Valley. We thank Joanne Martin and Barbara Reskin for their comments, which helped in our conceptual framing of the paper. Finally, we thank Bob Sutton and Barry Staw for their helpful suggestions. This research was funded in part by the Ford Foundation.2003Academic Careers and Gender Equity: Lessons Learned from MIT1

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