Article2019

Remapping the construct of paternalistic leadership

Wai Kwan Lau · Loan N.T. Pham · Lam Dang Nguyen

22 citations0/0 files storedLeadership & Organization Development Journal

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Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior Leadership and Management in Organizations Employee Performance and Leadership

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to lay the necessary conceptual and empirical groundwork that advances knowledge about paternalistic leadership (PL). PL is reinterpreted as a leadership style consisting of authoritative, moral and benevolent leadership. The mediating role of trust is examined, and a formal, unified construct model of PL is suggested through evidence of construct validity. Design/methodology/approach An on-site survey was used to collect data from 312 full-time employees in nine organizations in China. Factor analysis, reliability and validity test, and an analysis of bivariate correlations were conducted. Findings The new construct of PL achieved a positive alignment and coherence among the three dimensions. Subordinates’ trust was found to be critical for paternalistic leaders to be perceived as effective leaders. Research limitations/implications Leadership and its effectiveness were examined only at the dyadic level. The levels of the supervisors and their effectiveness differ because some were from middle management, whereas others were from first line managers. Practical implications Trust is an important explanatory mechanism for the relationship between PL and employee performance, especially in China. It is a key factor that creates loyalty and builds a good relationship between leaders and subordinates. Social implications Trust signals a strong sense of sharing within the relationship. It induces positive emotional feelings in their leader by the subordinates and, therefore, taps into positive evaluations about the effectiveness of their leader. Originality/value This study developed the theoretical underpinnings and provided measurement instruments for PL. It offered a formal, unified construct model of PL.

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References

1979A Paradigm for Developing Better Measures of Marketing Constructs 1990Transformational leader behaviors and their effects on followers' trust in leader, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors 1989Managerial Leadership: A Review of Theory and Research 2006Cross-Cultural Organizational Behavior 2000A Cultural Analysis of Paternalistic Leadership in Chinese Organizations 2004Paternalistic leadership and subordinate responses: Establishing a leadership model in Chinese organizations 1994Psychological models of the justice motive: Antecedents of distributive and procedural justice.2000Impact of Culture on Human Resource Management Practices: A 10‐Country Comparison

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