Internet Use and Loneliness of Older Adults Over Time: The Mediating Effect of Social Contact

Kexin Yu · Shinyi Wu · Iris Chi

150 citations0/0 files storedThe Journals of Gerontology Series B

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Technology Use by Older Adults Aging and Gerontology Research Health disparities and outcomes

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: The internet is increasingly commonly used by older adults. However, it remains controversial in the literature on whether older people are more or less lonely with internet adoption. The current paper aims to test the longitudinal association of internet use and loneliness and to theorize the relationship by examining the mediating effect of social contact. METHOD: This study employed data from 2006, 2010, and 2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. Loneliness was measured with the three-item UCLA loneliness scale, social contact was operationalized as contact frequency with family and friends, and internet use was measured using a self-assessed dichotomous item. Longitudinal associations and mediation effects were tested using hierarchical linear modeling. RESULTS: Internet use was associated with decreased loneliness over an 8-year period (b = -0.049, p < .001) and more social contact (b = 0.285, p < .001), which was related to lower perceived loneliness (b = -0.088, p < .001). On a scale ranges from 0 to 2 (0 = never lonely, 2 = often lonely), the total effect of internet use on loneliness was -0.060, and the mediated effect was -0.025. DISCUSSION: These findings imply that internet use may be an effective tool for reducing loneliness in older people by maintaining social contact.

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2015Loneliness and Social Isolation as Risk Factors for Mortality 2004A Short Scale for Measuring Loneliness in Large Surveys 2006The Influence of a Sense of Time on Human Development 1992Social and emotional patterns in adulthood: Support for socioemotional selectivity theory.2009Perceived social isolation and cognition 2009Social Disconnectedness, Perceived Isolation, and Health among Older Adults 2003Socioemotional Selectivity Theory and the Regulation of Emotion in the Second Half of Life 2015Social isolation, loneliness and health in old age: a scoping review

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