Gendered institutions and female entrepreneurship: a fuzzy-set QCA approach

Yaokuang Li · Juan Yu Wu · Daru Zhang · Ling Li

20 citations0/0 files storedGender in Management An International Journal

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Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences Gender Diversity and Inequality Migration, Ethnicity, and Economy

Abstract

Purpose This paper aims to examine the contextual embeddedness of female entrepreneurship through a focus on gendered institutions. Specifically, it draws upon Scott’s (1995) institutional categories and explores how the three dimensions of gendered institutions combine to explain both a high level of female Total Early-stage Entrepreneurship Activity (TEA) rates and female/male TEA ratios. Design/methodology/approach Collecting data from the Global Entrepreneurship Research Association, the World Economic Forum and the World Bank for 63 countries, this study uses the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method to explore causal complexity between the regulative, normative and cognitive dimensions of gendered institutions (conditions) and the female TEA rates and the female/male TEA ratios (outcomes). Findings First, this study confirms the complex interactions occurring among institutional components. Second, the results highlight the key role that gender equality in entrepreneurial cognitions plays in achieving high female entrepreneurship. Third, configurations for the high female TEA rates and the female/male TEA ratios share a high similarity. Practical implications The study provides policymakers with a holistic viewpoint and alternate solutions with the aim of promoting female entrepreneurship in their respective countries. Originality/value The study highlights gendered institutions beyond general institutions, enriching the literature on the gender and institutional determinants of female entrepreneurship. Furthermore, the application of the fsQCA method in the study helps to enhance the understanding of how institutional components complexly interact to shape female entrepreneurship.

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References

1981Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error: Algebra and Statistics 1981Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error: Algebra and Statistics 2011Building Better Causal Theories: A Fuzzy Set Approach to Typologies in Organization Research 2015The Relational Organization of Entrepreneurial Ecosystems 2007A set-theoretic approach to organizational configurations 2006Why Research on Women Entrepreneurs Needs New Directions 2013Moving beyond multiple regression analysis to algorithms: Calling for adoption of a paradigm shift from symmetric to asymmetric thinking in data analysis and crafting theory 2006Set Relations in Social Research: Evaluating Their Consistency and Coverage

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