Anger and confrontation during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national cross-sectional survey in the UK

Louise Smith · Bobby Duffy · Vivienne Louisa Moxham-Hall · Simon C. Wessely · Gideon James Rubin

81 citations0/0 files storedJournal of the Royal Society of Medicine

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COVID-19 and Mental Health COVID-19 Prevention and Impact Communication and COVID-19 Impact

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To investigate factors associated with anger or confronting others due to COVID-19. DESIGN: Online cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Data were collected between 17 and 20 July 2020. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 2237 participants living in the UK aged 16-75 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Reporting having had arguments, felt angry or fallen out with others because of COVID-19. Reporting having confronted or reported someone to the authorities, or that you had been confronted or reported to the authorities, for not wearing a face covering; not keeping your distance from others or being in too large a group; or alternatively following recommended measures too carefully. We used logistic regression analyses to identify factors associated with anger and confrontation. RESULTS: Most participants reported having had arguments, feeling angry or fallen out with others because of COVID-19 (56%, n = 1255). Twenty-two percent (n = 500) of participants reported that they had confronted or reported someone. Fourteen percent (n = 304) of participants reported that they had been confronted or reported by someone. Confronting someone, having been confronted and feeling angry or having had arguments were strongly associated with each other. Anger and confrontation were associated with younger age, greater likelihood of experiencing significant financial difficulties due to the pandemic, greater perceived risk of COVID-19 and getting information about COVID-19 from social media. CONCLUSIONS: Measures put in place to prevent the spread of COVID-19 have caused considerable strain. Increased support, clear messaging on the rationale for easing restrictions and combatting misinformation on social media may all help decrease tension.

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2020Mental health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal probability sample survey of the UK population 2020The pandemic of social media panic travels faster than the COVID-19 outbreak 2020Health-protective behaviour, social media usage and conspiracy belief during the COVID-19 public health emergency 2020Poverty, inequality and COVID-19: the forgotten vulnerable 2020COVID‐19 and Inequalities*2020Crisis Communication and Public Perception of COVID-19 Risk in the Era of Social Media 1997Contamination, Corrosion and the Social Order: An Overview 2020Factors associated with adherence to self-isolation and lockdown measures in the UK: a cross-sectional survey

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2021Pandemic rage : Everyday frustrations in times of the COVID-19 crisis

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