Exposure to family violence from childhood to adulthood

Margot E. Shields · Lil Tonmyr · Wendy Hovdestad · Andrea González · Harriet L. MacMillan

65 citations0/0 files storedBMC Public Health

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Intimate Partner and Family Violence Child Abuse and Trauma Elder Abuse and Neglect

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Both childhood maltreatment (CM) and intimate partner violence (IPV) are public health problems that have been related to a wide range of adverse health consequences. However, studies examining associations between specific types of CM and experiencing IPV in adulthood have yielded conflicting results. METHODS: Using data from 10,608 men and 11,458 women aged 18 or older from Canada's 2014 General Social Survey, we examined associations between three types of CM-childhood physical abuse (CPA), childhood sexual abuse (CSA), and childhood exposure to IPV -and subsequent intimate partner violence (IPV) in adulthood (physical, sexual or emotional). RESULTS: When potential confounders were controlled, CPA, CSA and childhood exposure to IPV were associated with IPV in adulthood for both sexes (odds ratios, 1.7, 1.8 and 2.0 for men, and 2.2, 2.0 and 2.1 for women). When severity and frequency of CM were examined, a dose-response relationship between all three types of CM and IPV in adulthood was observed among women (meaning that as the severity/frequency of CM increased, the likelihood of reporting IPV also increased); among men, a dose-response relationship was observed only for CPA. CONCLUSIONS: The association between CM and IPV in adulthood is particularly concerning because experiencing multiple forms of trauma has cumulative effects. Lifespan studies have shown that individuals who experience multiple incidents of abuse exhibit the highest levels of impairment. This underscores the importance of programs to eradicate both CM and IPV. This underscores the importance of programs to eradicate both CM and IPV. Future research should focus on assessing interventions designed to promote healthy relationships and the provision of emotional support and coping mechanisms to children and families in abusive situations.

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References

2002The world report on violence and health 1996The Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2)1979Measuring Intrafamily Conflict and Violence: The Conflict Tactics (CT) Scales 2012The Long-Term Health Consequences of Child Physical Abuse, Emotional Abuse, and Neglect: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 2004Validity of adult retrospective reports of adverse childhood experiences: review of the evidence 2000Sex differences in aggression between heterosexual partners: A meta-analytic review.2002Physical and mental health effects of intimate partner violence for men and women 2012A Systematic Review of Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence

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2021Intimate Partner Violence: A Literature Review

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