Workers on the Border between Employment and Self-employment∗

Ulrike Muehlberger · Silvia Pasqua

47 citations0/0 files storedReview of Social Economy

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Employment, Labor, and Gender Studies Labor Law and Work Dynamics Labor market dynamics and wage inequality

Abstract

The number of workers on the border between self-employment and employment strongly increased across Europe over the last decade. This paper investigates whether and in what respect these workers differ from employees and self-employed and analyses whether these work relationships are a stepping stone to more stable employment in the short-run using Italian data. Depending on the data source the para-subordinates represent between 1.8% and 5.3% of the Italian labour force. Since most of them work only for one company and are strongly integrated into the firm of the contract partner, we argue that labour and social security law discriminates against these workers who are in fact very close to employees. We find that they are not low qualified workers, but young, highly educated professionals. At the same time these contracts are not a port of entry into the labour market nor do we find that they are a vehicle to more stable jobs. However, they are a possibility for women to work part-time.

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References

2002Temporary Jobs: Stepping Stones or Dead Ends?2004Stepping-Stones or Traps?2004Beach Time, Bridge Time, and Billable Hours: The Temporal Structure of Technical Contracting 2000Work Transitions into and Out of Involuntary Temporary Employment in a Segmented Market: Evidence from Spain 2005The dynamics of repeated temporary jobs 1990Independent Contractors and the Challenge of Vertical Disintegration to Employment Protection Laws 2002Uncovering and Explaining Variance in the Features and Outcomes of Contingent Work 2005Career Planning in Spain: Do Fixed-term Contracts Delay Marriage and Parenthood?

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2020Towards a social-cognitive theory of multiple psychological contracts 2014Dimensions of Precariousness in an Emerging Sector of Self‐Employment: A Study of Self‐Employed Nurses 2021Independent or Dependent? European Labour Statistics and Their (In)ability to Identify Forms of Dependency in Self-employment 2019Disclosing ‘masked employees’ in Europe: job control, job demands and job outcomes of ‘dependent self-employed workers’2018

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