Article2021

Hospital Architecture in Spain and Italy: Gaps Between Education and Practice

Laura Cambra‐Rufino · Andrea Brambilla · José León Paniagua Caparrós · Stefano Capolongo

9 citations0/0 files storedHERD Health Environments Research & Design Journal

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Healthcare Facilities Design and Sustainability Health Services Management and Policy Educational Environments and Student Outcomes

Abstract

AIM: The research sheds light on the challenges and limitations of Spanish and Italian hospital design by looking at the gaps between education and practice. BACKGROUND: Hospital design plays an important role in providing high-quality and cost-effective facilities for any healthcare system. Spain and Italy face contemporary challenges (i.e., elderly population, staff retention, and obsolete healthcare facilities) and have similar issues of life expectancy, health expenditure, hospital beds provision, and decentralized tax-financed healthcare systems. METHOD: A cross-sectional, mixed-method study was used. This involved two different data collection strategies and analysis for each area of investigation: (i) education and (ii) practice. For the former, educational programs were reviewed via a web search; for the latter, an online survey of 53 architectural/engineering offices involved in hospital design was conducted. RESULTS: Hospital design education is limited to 0/58 in Spanish and 2/60 courses in Italian universities, although each country offers three postgraduate courses. The practitioners' survey shows that even though their offices have a long history of healthcare design, only 48% in Spain and 60% in Italy have received specific university training. Office staff lack employees with medical backgrounds, which hinders any partnership between health and design fields either for design practice or the education fields. Laws, national regulations, technical guidelines, and previous experience are the most useful information sources, while international scientific publications appear underused by practitioners. CONCLUSIONS: Italian and Spanish healthcare architecture could be improved by promoting multidisciplinary teams (in practice and education) and improving the education offer by tailoring it to national needs.

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2008A Review of the Research Literature on Evidence-Based Healthcare Design 2018Integrating Analyses in Mixed Methods Research 2004The Business Case for Better Buildings 2020COVID-19 and Healthcare Facilities: a Decalogue of Design Strategies for Resilient Hospitals.2011Fable Hospital 2.0: The Business Case for Building Better Health Care Facilities 2020Evidence Based Hospital Design. A literature review of the recent publications about the EBD impact of built environment on hospital occupants' and organizational outcomes.2019Healthy and Sustainable Hospital Evaluation—A Review of POE Tools for Hospital Assessment in an Evidence-Based Design Framework 2008The Business Case for Building Better Hospitals through Evidence-Based Design

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