From Rhetoric to Reality: Opportunity-to-Learn Standards and the Integrity of American Public School Reform.

Abstract

Recalling Equity Standards in an Era of Educational Many politically-minded educators remember the contentious, partisan de bate surrounding the now defunct Goals 2000: Educate America Act, President Clinton's major public school reform initiative passed by Congress in March of 1994. While the basic idea of helping states develop common performance standards and assessment tools enjoyed widespread ■■■■■■■■■■■■ support, there was sharp disagreement about the Gregory J. Fritzberg is inclusion and delineation of opportunity-to-learn an assistant professor in (OTL) standards. OTL standards were promoted the School of Education mainly by liberal Democrats who argued that it at Whitworth College, lacked integrity to hold students and schools ac Spokane, Washington countable to new high stakes assessments without and author of In the ensuring that all students had an authentic opportu Shadow of Excellence nity to learn the relevant material. In their view, Recovering a Vision of equity standards addressing the resources, prac Educational Opportunity tices, and conditions available to America's school for All (Caddo Gap children needed to be as specific and measurable as Press, 1999). the curricular standards they would support (Pub. L.

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