Urban Neighborhood Context and Mortality in Late Life

Richard G. Wight · Janet R. Cummings · Arun S. Karlamangla · Carol S. Aneshensel

22 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Aging and Health

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Health disparities and outcomes Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies Urban Transport and Accessibility

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To examine the contextual effects of urban neighborhood characteristics on mortality among older adults. METHOD: Data are from the Study of Assets and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old (AHEAD). Death is assessed between the baseline assessment (1993) and the first follow-up interview (1995). Neighborhood data are from the 1990 Census. RESULTS: The log odds of dying between the two time points are higher in high proportion Hispanic neighborhoods, net of individual-level sociodemographic variables, but this effect is partly mediated by individual-level health. The log odds of dying are significantly (p < .05) lower in affluent neighborhoods, controlling for all individual-level variables and neighborhood proportion Hispanic. DISCUSSION: There are survival-related benefits of living in an affluent urban neighborhood, which we posit may be manifested through the diffusion of innovations in health care and health-promotion activities.

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1977The CES-D Scale 1997Neighborhoods and Violent Crime: A Multilevel Study of Collective Efficacy 1997Self-Rated Health and Mortality: A Review of Twenty-Seven Community Studies 2001Racial residential segregation: A fundamental cause of racial disparities in health 1999Beyond Social Capital: Spatial Dynamics of Collective Efficacy for Children 1975The Changing Relation between Mortality and level of Economic Development 1999The Latino mortality paradox: a test of the "salmon bias" and healthy migrant hypotheses.2005Aging, Migration, and Mortality: Current Status of Research on the Hispanic Paradox

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