COVID‐19 Disparities and Vaccine Hesitancy in Black Americans: What Ethical Lessons Can Be Learned?

Nicolás Restrepo · Helene J. Krouse

24 citations0/0 files storedOtolaryngology

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Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy Ethics and bioethics in healthcare Ethics in Clinical Research

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This state of the art review focuses on bioethical questions and considerations from research findings and methodological issues, including design and recruitment of participants, in studies related to COVID-19 vaccine hesitation in Black individuals. Ethical concerns identified were applied to otolaryngology with recommendations for improving health inequities within subspecialties. DATA SOURCES: An internet search through PubMed, CINAHL, and socINDEX was conducted to identify articles on COVID-19 vaccine hesitation among the Black population between 2020 and 2021. REVIEW METHODS: A systematic review approach was taken to search and analyze the research on this topic, which was coupled with expert analysis in identifying and classifying vital ethical considerations. CONCLUSIONS: The most common COVID-19 vaccine hesitation factors were related to the development of the vaccine, mistrust toward government agencies, and misconceptions about safety and side effects. These findings raised bioethical concerns around mistrust of information, low health literacy, insufficient numbers of Black participants in medical research, and the unique positions of health professionals as trusted sources. These bioethical considerations can be applied in otolaryngology and other health-related areas to aid the public in making informed medical decisions regarding treatments, which may reduce health inequalities among Black Americans and other racial and ethnic minority groups. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Addressing ethical questions by decreasing mistrust, tailoring information for specific populations, increasing minority representation in research, and using health professionals as primary sources for communicating health information and recommendations may improve relationships with Black communities and increase acceptance of new knowledge and therapies such as COVID-19 vaccination.

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2020Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in the US 2020Attitudes Toward a Potential SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine 2021COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy in the United States: A Rapid National Assessment 2020Factors Associated With US Adults’ Likelihood of Accepting COVID-19 Vaccination 2021Correlates and disparities of intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 2020Willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccine with and without emergency use authorization 2020COVID-19 Related Medical Mistrust, Health Impacts, and Potential Vaccine Hesitancy Among Black Americans Living With HIV 2017Tuskegee and the Health of Black Men*

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