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Abstract The bottom billion refers to the populations of a group of countries at the bottom of the world economy. It challenges and disaggregates the concept of “developing countries,” arguing that countries such as Chad and China are no longer meaningfully similar. The entry summarizes the explanations offered for the divergence of the bottom billion from the majority of mankind and the proposed policy remedies, and discusses academic and policy responses.
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Stored only when both papers are in the corpus — 13 citations exist upstream.
Papers that cite the same references — the relational fallback while embeddings are still backfilling.
Imported from OpenAlex (CC0) — nothing here is generated.