Counseling Psychology

Abstract

Counseling psychology is a specialty field within the broader discipline of psychology. The distinctiveness of the specialty is clarified in terms of its five unifying themes: focus on intact personalities; focus on human strengths; emphasis on relatively brief interventions; emphasis on person–environment interactions; and emphasis on education, career development, and environments. In terms of basic features, counseling psychology is a doctoral level field that strongly endorses the scientist-practitioner model and pays close attention to human diversity. Typical roles and functions of counseling psychologists are noted. Regarding scientific inquiry, key research issues and topics are discussed: central methodological developments; major research findings and theories in counseling and psychotherapy; multicultural factors in counseling interventions; career development and intervention; research and theory on training in both practice and science; and the fundamental scientific emphasis on healthy functioning and human effectiveness.

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