Knowledge Sharing and Communities of Practice

Abstract

Knowledge sharing is the most important mode of knowledge transfer in social contexts since it is based on the willingness of individuals to impart their experience with other people and not on managerial authority. Knowledge sharing depends on a supporting organizational culture and especially on organizational trust. Knowledge sharing can be enhanced by using the method of appreciative sharing of knowledge that focuses on the positive aspects of organizational phenomena and on building optimism. Since the essential factor in developing a culture of knowledge sharing is trust, the chapter presents some of the most significant conceptual models of the organizational trust. Communities of practice are social structures that have a high absorptive capacity for knowledge sharing. Although they have a rather fuzzy and fluid structure, coming into conflict with the ordered and hierarchical structure of organizations, they are of interest for managers for their enhanced capacity of innovation.

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