Articlegold2022

Increased Cortisol Response and Low Quality of Life in Women Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence With Severe Anxiety and Depression

Beatriz Cerda-De la O · Ana Lilia Cerda‐Molina · Lilian Mayagoitia-Novales · Margarita de la Cruz-López · Marcela Biagini Alarcón · Erika Lucia Hernández-Zúñiga +2 more

13 citations0/0 files storedFrontiers in Psychiatry

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Intimate Partner and Family Violence Child Abuse and Trauma Stress Responses and Cortisol

Abstract

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is one of the most prevalent forms of violence against women globally and it is considered a public health problem. Because the experience of IPV is stressful and traumatic for victims, they are at high risk of developing alteration of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis functioning as well as anxiety and depression symptoms. The aim of this study was to compare the quality of life and changes in cortisol response to an acute stressor between women exposed to IPV and non-exposed women. Differences according to symptoms of anxiety and depression including the risk of suicide thoughts, were also analyzed. Method: Our sample size consisted of 130 women (ages 18-68) grouped as follows: 71 women experiencing IPV and 59 women without history of IPV as control group. All participants completed a battery of questionnaires including IPV exposure, anxiety, and depression symptoms (Beck Inventories), as well as quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF). Salivary cortisol levels in response to a cognitive test with verbal, mathematical, and abstract reasoning were measured at four time points. Results: Women exposed to IPV, with severe anxiety and depression symptoms as well as suicide thoughts, exhibited heightened cortisol response after the cognitive test and reported lower quality of life compared to (i) women experiencing IPV with moderate symptoms of anxiety and depression, who showed a blunted response, and (ii) women without history of IPV with minimal to moderate symptoms, who showed a decreased cortisol profile. Social relationships dimension was in particular the most affected aspect of quality of life. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the role of cortisol responses as a complementary biological marker to be associated with severe psychiatric disturbances in women exposed to IPV.

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2004The World Health Organization's WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment: Psychometric properties and results of the international field trial. A Report from the WHOQOL Group 2007Response Variation following Trauma: A Translational Neuroscience Approach to Understanding PTSD 2013Intimate partner violence victimization and alcohol consumption in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis 2002Current status of cortisol findings in post-traumatic stress disorder 2016Context Processing and the Neurobiology of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder 2019Female survivors of intimate partner violence and risk of depression, anxiety and serious mental illness 2004Changes in cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone in women victims of physical and psychological intimate partner violence 1998La estandarización del inventario de depresión de Beck para los residentes de la ciudad de México

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