Confucian Culture, Gender Stereotype and Female Entrepreneur: Evidence from China

Xixiong Xu · Cuiliang Lin

65 citations0/0 files storedApplied Economics Letters

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Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences Gender Diversity and Inequality Culture, Economy, and Development Studies

Abstract

Female entrepreneurship activities in China encounter a unique informal institutional situation – Confucian culture favouring masculinity. Drawing on Social Role Theory and Gender Role Congruity Theory, we explore whether and how Confucian culture affects female entrepreneurship. Using 20,531 entrepreneurs’ data from Chinese Private Enterprise Survey over the period of 2002–2014, we find that Confucian culture is negatively associated with female entrepreneurship. In addition, gender stereotypes based on Confucian patriarchal ideology have a partial mediation effect in this relationship. Further analysis demonstrates that managerial experience might be a potential way for women to achieve entrepreneurial breakthroughs in these adverse conditions.

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References

2002Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders.2005Law, finance, and economic growth in China 2007Gender, Entrepreneurial Self–Efficacy, and Entrepreneurial Career Intentions: Implications for Entrepreneurship Education 2012Social Role Theory 2007Political connections, financing and firm performance: Evidence from Chinese private firms 2001The entrepreneurship of resource-based theory 2013Research on Women Entrepreneurs: Challenges to (and from) the Broader Entrepreneurship Literature?2009The Role of Gender Stereotypes in Perceptions of Entrepreneurs and Intentions to Become an Entrepreneur

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