E-Commerce

Abstract

Abstract E-commerce is a general term encompassing any trade activity facilitated by the use of a digital interface. The vast majority of e-commerce transactions involve business customers. However, consumers are increasingly relying on e-commerce to fulfil their shopping needs. E-commerce brings significant advantages to the economy: it boosts companies’ productivity, reduces costs, and increases convenience. But its growth is hampered by several obstacles, such as regulatory frictions, access to digital infrastructure and skills, logistical costs, lack of trust and compliance costs, and uncertainty due to outdated taxation frameworks. These issues can, in particular, limit the expansion of e-commerce cross-border and prevent the completion of a functioning EU Digital Single Market. Policy measures of different nature are thus needed to foster regulatory harmonization, increase trust and security, and eliminate potential distortions of competition.

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