Self-care behaviors in older adults suffering from knee osteoarthritis: Application of theory of planned behavior

Hanieh Jormand · Ali Khani Jeihooni · Pooyan Afzali Harsini

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Behavioral Health and Interventions Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation Health and Wellbeing Research

Abstract

Background Osteoarthritis is one of the main reasons causing disablement. Educational intervention for self-care behaviors of patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis is important because its effect on quality of patient life decreases the economic burden of disorder on society and family. This study aimed to investigate the effect of educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) on promoting self-care behaviors in elderly patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis. Methods This quasi-experimental study was performed on 200 elderlies suffering from knee osteoarthritis in the rheumatology clinics of Shiraz, Iran, in 2019. The subjects were divided into two groups (100 experimental and 100 control). Before and after 4 months, both experimental and control groups filled a questionnaire. After administering a pre-test to both groups, only the experimental group was trained based on the TPB constructs on self-care behaviors in elderly people suffering from knee osteoarthritis in eight sessions by presenting educational films and images, power points, and group discussions for solving problems. Results The mean age of the experimental group was 67.25 ± 3.64, and the mean age of the control group was 66.12 ± 3.50. The average scores of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intention, and behavior before the educational intervention did not have significant differences in experimental and control groups, however, 4 months after the educational intervention, the pairedt-test indicated significant enhancement in every construct in the experimental group, but no significant changes in the control group. Conclusion According to the results, the educational intervention increased the self-care behaviors of patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis based on the theory of planned behavior. Therefore, the results of this study can be used in theory-based intervention strategies for self-care behaviors of patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis.

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References

1991The theory of planned behavior 1992Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice 2011The theory of planned behaviour: Reactions and reflections 2016Why is changing health-related behaviour so difficult?199710 Economics of osteoarthritis: a global perspective 2008The effects of an office ergonomics training and chair intervention on worker knowledge, behavior and musculoskeletal risk 2020An application of the theory of planned behavior to self-care in patients with hypertension 2015The effects of a brief intervention to promote walking on Theory of Planned Behavior constructs: A cluster randomized controlled trial in general practice

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