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The era of the digital economy has ushered in a new development opportunity for the energy industry, and the role of digitalization in the green and low-carbon transformation process of the energy industry has received increasing attention. Based on the panel data of 55 energy enterprises in China, this study explores the mechanism by which energy enterprises’ digital transformation impacts enterprise green innovation from the perspective of dynamic capability and adopts the double-fixed-effects regression model to empirically analyze the impact of energy enterprises’ digital transformation on enterprise green innovation. The study explores the mediating role of dynamic capability between energy enterprise digital transformation and enterprise green innovation and conducts heterogeneity analysis. The empirical results show that there is a significant positive correlation between the digital transformation level and the green innovation level of energy enterprises. The mechanism test shows that the digital transformation of energy enterprises can promote their green innovation ability by improving their dynamic capability. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the digital transformation of energy enterprises has a significant promotional effect on the green innovation of state-owned enterprises but has no significant effect on non-state-owned enterprises. The results of this study provide a reference for promoting the green development of enterprises, enhancing the green and low-carbon transformation of the energy industry and realizing the sustainable development of enterprises.
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