Reviewgold2023

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy worldwide and its associated factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Matin Baghani · Farzan Fathalizade · Amir Hossein Loghman · Noosha Samieefar · Farbod Ghobadinezhad · Ronak Rashedi +4 more

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Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research COVID-19 and Mental Health

Abstract

Introduction: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has taken a toll on humans, and the development of effective vaccines has been a promising tool to end the pandemic. However, for a vaccination program to be successful, a considerable proportion of the community must be vaccinated. Hence, public acceptance of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines has become the key to controlling the pandemic. Recent studies have shown vaccine hesitancy increasing over time. This systematic review aims to evaluate the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy rate and related factors in different communities. Method: A comprehensive search was performed in MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, and Web of Science from January 1, 2019 to January 31, 2022. All relevant descriptive and observational studies (cross-sectional and longitudinal) on vaccine hesitancy and acceptance were included in this systematic review. In the meta-analysis, odds ratio (OR) was used to assess the effects of population characteristics on vaccine hesitancy, and event rate (acceptance rate) was the effect measure for overall acceptance. Publication bias was assessed using the funnel plot, Egger's test, and trim-and-fill methods. Result: A total of 135 out of 6,417 studies were included after screening. A meta-analysis of 114 studies, including 849,911 participants, showed an overall acceptance rate of 63.1%. In addition, men, married individuals, educated people, those with a history of flu vaccination, those with higher income levels, those with comorbidities, and people living in urban areas were less hesitant. Conclusion: Increasing public awareness of the importance of COVID-19 vaccines in overcoming the pandemic is crucial. Being men, living in an urban region, being married or educated, having a history of influenza vaccination, having a higher level of income status, and having a history of comorbidities are associated with higher COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.

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2009The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration 2015Vaccine hesitancy: Definition, scope and determinants 2020A global survey of potential acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine 2021COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Worldwide: A Concise Systematic Review of Vaccine Acceptance Rates 2020Vaccine hesitancy: the next challenge in the fight against COVID-19 2021COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in low- and middle-income countries 2021COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy in the United States: A Rapid National Assessment 2018The psychological roots of anti-vaccination attitudes: A 24-nation investigation.

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