Biological profiling using the human mandible

Doha Abualhija · Julieta Gómez García-Donas · Simon D. Shepherd · Ademir Franco · Scheila Mânica

16 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Oral Biosciences

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Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies Dental Radiography and Imaging Forensic and Genetic Research

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In the absence of soft tissue, skeletal remains are analyzed to identify the deceased. This assessment involves establishing the biological profile that aids medicolegal investigations and fulfils the right of the dead to be identified. Since the mandible is the strongest bone in the skull and easily identifiable, even when fragmented, this study aimed to systematically review its value in constructing the biological profile in the published literature. We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature and collected cross-sectional studies published in English before 2021. A risk of bias assessment was completed based on Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tools. The data are presented descriptively and were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel 365. HIGHLIGHT: Of the 104 eligible articles, 94 examined the sexual dimorphism of the mandible, while 25 attempted to estimate age. Ancestry and stature were the least explored biological characteristics (five and one articles, respectively). A metric analysis was the most common approach (n = 80), followed by morphological analysis and combined morphologic and metric techniques (n = 18 and n = 6, respectively). The results showed no statistically significant correlation between an individual's mandible and stature. Orthopantomogram radiography continues to be the most common radiographic technique for assessing the mandible. CONCLUSION: The mandible is reliable when used for sex estimation; however, caution should be exercised in relying solely on it for morphological assessments. This review provides guidance on estimating age, sex, and ancestry directly from mandibular specimens or radiographs.

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2021The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews 2019Chapter 7: Systematic reviews of etiology and risk 2001Developmental juvenile osteology.2014Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology 1996Mandibular ramus flexure: A new morphologic indicator of sexual dimorphism in the human skeleton 2016Introduction to Forensic Anthropology 2014Forensic anthropology current methods and practice 1997Forensic analysis of the skull

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2024Sex prediction through machine learning utilizing mandibular condyles, coronoid processes, and sigmoid notches features

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