User perceptions and experiences of an AI-driven conversational agent for mental health support

Beenish Moalla Chaudhry · Happy Rani Debi

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Digital Mental Health Interventions Mobile Health and mHealth Applications Social Robot Interaction and HRI

Abstract

Background: The increasing prevalence of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven mental health conversational agents necessitates a comprehensive understanding of user engagement and user perceptions of this technology. This study aims to fill the existing knowledge gap by focusing on Wysa, a commercially available mobile conversational agent designed to provide personalized mental health support. Methods: A total of 159 user reviews posted between January, 2020 and March, 2024, on the Wysa app's Google Play page were collected. Thematic analysis was then used to perform open and inductive coding of the collected data. Results: Seven major themes emerged from the user reviews: "a trusting environment promotes wellbeing", "ubiquitous access offers real-time support", "AI limitations detract from the user experience", "perceived effectiveness of Wysa", "desire for cohesive and predictable interactions", "humanness in AI is welcomed", and "the need for improvements in the user interface". These themes highlight both the benefits and limitations of the AI-driven mental health conversational agents. Conclusions: Users find that Wysa is effective in fostering a strong connection with its users, encouraging them to engage with the app and take positive steps towards emotional resilience and self-improvement. However, its AI needs several improvements to enhance user experience with the application. The findings contribute to the design and implementation of more effective, ethical, and user-aligned AI-driven mental health support systems.

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References

2019Chatbots and Conversational Agents in Mental Health: A Review of the Psychiatric Landscape 2001Ethical issues in qualitative research on internet communities 2023Age of onset and cumulative risk of mental disorders: a cross-national analysis of population surveys from 29 countries 2017A fully automated conversational agent for promoting mental well-being: A pilot RCT using mixed methods 2018Co-design of eHealth Interventions With Children and Young People 2020Practitioner review: Co‐design of digital mental health technologies with children and young people 2019Medical ethics considerations on artificial intelligence 2022Designing Personality-Adaptive Conversational Agents for Mental Health Care

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