Implementing Bike-Sharing Stations in Urban Areas: An Integrated Multi Criteria-Accessibility Approach

Abstract

Abstract In the spatial planning discourse, sustainable neighbourhoods are assuming a critical role in cultivating resilient and thriving cities. In this context, researchers and professionals are increasingly adopting the concept of the “15-minute city” (FMC) as a model for re-establishing connections between individuals and their neighbourhoods. This concept is inherently tied to the notion of accessibility, which, in this context, emphasizes the idea of self-sufficiency within a given area. Bike-sharing systems (BSSs) are a practical embodiment of the FMC principles, addressing the need for accessible, sustainable, and efficient transport within a 15-minute time interval. The FMC model emphasizes self-sufficient neighbourhoods where daily needs can be met through short trips. BSSs can contribute to that with flexible and environmentally friendly micromobility options. Furthermore, by providing first- and last-mile connectivity, BSSs seamlessly integrate with the public transport network. This paper presents a new decision-making framework for extending a station-based bike-sharing (SBBS) network with new stations. This article’s contribution consists in proposing a combined approach involving multicriteria analysis (MCA) and FMC analysis. We use MCA to select the neighbourhood(s) on which to intervene with new SBBS stations, while the FMC analysis detects points of interest within a 15-minute maximum travel time. We measure the increased accessibility from the addition of a BSS to choose the most favourable locations for new installations. We apply our methodology to Vienna, Austria, for which we show that the integration of BSSs with public transport enhances accessibility within the FMC framework, providing a flexible and multidirectional reach to amenities.

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