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AIM: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a digital health coaching self-management program for older adults living alone with multiple chronic conditions (DHCSMP-MCC). METHODS: A total of 49 older adults were randomly assigned to either an intervention or a control group. The intervention group participated in the DHCSMP-MCC for 8 weeks, whereas the control group maintained their usual lifestyle. Self-management behaviors, medication adherence, health status, quality of life, digital health literacy, and self-efficacy were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using generalized estimating equations and repeated measures analysis of covariance. RESULTS: Group-by-time interactions showed significant improvements in health distress, depression, and digital health literacy in the intervention group; however, no significant differences were observed in self-management behaviors, medication adherence, health-related quality of life, or self-efficacy. CONCLUSION: The DHCSMP-MCC effectively improved psychological health and digital health literacy in older adults living alone with multiple chronic conditions. TRIAL AND PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: CRIS (Clinical Research Information Service) TRIAL NUMBER: KCT0007618.
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