The Relationship Between Urban Perceptions and Bike-Sharing Equity in 15-Minute Metro Station Catchments: A Shenzhen Case Study

Fengliang Tang · Lei Wang · Longhao Zhang · Yaolong Wang · Hao Gao · Weixing Xu +1 more

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Urban Transport and Accessibility Transportation Planning and Optimization Transportation and Mobility Innovations

Abstract

As cities worldwide strive to promote healthy and sustainable non-motorized transport, the equity of dockless bike-sharing has become a central issue in urban transport planning. This study investigates the relationship between human-scale urban environmental perceptions and the equity of bike-sharing usage within 15-minute cycling catchments of metro stations. Using Shenzhen, China, as a case study, we integrated bike-share trip records from August 2021 (around 43 million trips), population grid data, and Baidu Street View images analyzed with deep learning models. The study first quantified the spatial inequality of bike-sharing usage within each metro catchment area using a per capita trip Gini coefficient. Subsequently, we assessed the correlation between these equity metrics and human-scale urban qualities quantified from street-level imagery. The findings reveal significant intra-catchment usage disparities, with some central urban station areas showing relatively equitable bike-sharing distribution (Gini as low as 0.37), while others, particularly on the urban fringe, exhibit highly inequitable patterns (Gini as high as 0.93). Spearman correlation analysis showed that catchments perceived as “livelier” and more “interesting” had significantly lower Gini coefficients, whereas other perceptual factors such as safety, beauty and wealth showed no significant linear relationship with equity. A Random Forest model further indicated that “liveliness” and “lack of boredom” are the strongest predictors of usage equity, highlighting the critical role of vibrant street environments in promoting equitable access. These findings bridge the fields of transportation equity and urban governance, suggesting that improving the human-scale environment around transit hubs, thereby making streets more engaging, safe, and pleasant, could foster more inclusive and equitable use of bike-sharing.

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2010Travel and the Built Environment 2021Introducing the “15-Minute City”: Sustainability, Resilience and Place Identity in Future Post-Pandemic Cities 2014Bike share’s impact on car use: Evidence from the United States, Great Britain, and Australia 2023Assessing impacts of objective features and subjective perceptions of street environment on running amount: A case study of Boston 2016Assessing the spatial equity of Seoul’s public transportation using the Gini coefficient based on its accessibility 2019The contradictions of bike-share benefits, purposes and outcomes 2018Who Are Public Bicycle Share Programs Serving? An Evaluation of the Equity of Spatial Access to Bicycle Share Service Areas in Canadian Cities 2022Bike Share Usage and the Built Environment: A Review

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