Modern Hanfu and Role-Play: Integration of Fashion Trends and Cultural Heritage

Abstract

This study investigates the trend in China of wearing Hanfu to portray traditional Chinese characters. It differentiates modern Hanfu from traditional Han ethnic attire; defines “traditional Hanfu,” “innovative Hanfu,” and “Han element clothing”; and distinguishes these from costumes designed for cosplay. Through semi-structured interviews, it explores the connections and distinctions between Hanfu dressing and cosplay, examining the motivations and experiences of Hanfu wearers, and public attitudes and perceptions toward Hanfu. The findings reveal that while some Hanfu wearers imitate the behaviors of ancient figures in ways that resemble cosplay, most consider Hanfu a form of everyday clothing and cultural identity, not role-play. For them, Hanfu represents lifestyle-oriented fashion practice, emphasizing esthetic preference and cultural revival. The stylistic diversity of modern Hanfu fuels public interest in participation and performative expression and broadens avenues for disseminating traditional attire through emerging media formats like images and videos, enhancing public understanding and appreciation of Hanfu culture. In contrast to its earlier status as a symbol of cultural revival, modern Hanfu demonstrates an expanding trajectory in esthetic expression, social acceptance, and cultural inclusivity. This transformation from ethnic costume to fashion attire illustrates its dynamic evolution and multifaceted potential.

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