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Introduction: from top-down to bottom-up - free communes and the politics of administrative modernization, Harald Baldersheim and Krister Stahlberg. Part 1 Free commune experiments as national initiatives: the Swedish case - political change and administrative resistance, Lars Stromberg and Lena Lindgren the Danish case - rational or political change?, Erik Alboek the Norwegian case - an experiment in bottom-up learning, Harald Baldersheim and Anne Lise Fimreite the Finnish case - a reform rather than an experiment, Krister Stahlberg. Part 2 ...and the local response: new roles in political and administrative leadership in Norwegian local government, Oddbjorn Bukve and Terje P. Hagen deregulation and decentralization in the Swedish free commune experiment, Kai Kronvall free commune experiments - a new organizational culture in Finnish municipalities?, Risto Harisalo and Vuokko Niiranen local economic development - lessons from the free commune experiment, Jon Helge Lesjo a case of self-regulation - the city of Hameenlinna, Krister Stahlberg the management of organizational change in local government - methods and results, Lawrence Rose. Conclusions: vitalization from below - towards the self-regulating municipality, comparative notes on the Nordic free commune experiments, Harald Baldersheim and Krister Stahlberg.
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