URBAN TRAVEL PATTERNS FOR AIRPORTS, SHOPPING CENTERS, AND INDUSTRIAL PLANTS

Abstract

CRITERIA OR VALUES ESTABLISHING THE TRAVEL PATTERNS CREATED BY MAJOR TRAFFIC GENERATORS AS SHOPPING CENTERS, AUDITORIUMS, AIRPORTS, INDUSTRIAL PLANTS AND OTHER LARGE GENERATORS OF URBAN TRAVEL WOULD BE USEFUL IN FORECASTING THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS LAND USES ON EXISTING STREET NETWORKS, IN PROVIDING A BETTER BASIS FOR THE DESIGN OF NEW FACILITIES, AND IN PROVIDING BETTER CRITERIA FOR THE CONTROL OF LAND USES OF THIS TYPE. THIS PROJECT WAS ESTABLISHED TO DETERMINE THE NATURE OF THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN TRAVEL PATTERNS AND SUCH INFLUENCING FACTORS AS' /1/ TRAVEL TIME CHARACTERISTICS AND OTHER MEASURES OF THE ADEQUACY OF THE STREET NETWORK SERVING THE GENERATOR, /2/ TIME DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF GENERATED TRAFFIC, /3/ CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TRAFFIC GENERATOR, INCLUDING LOCATION, SIZE, TYPE AND INTENSITY OF LAND USE, /4/ MODES OF TRAVEL OF GENERATED TRAFFIC, /5/ COMPETITION OF SIMILAR GENERATORS FOR SAME STREET NETWORK, /6/ SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CONTRIBUTORY AREA, AND /7/ SIZE, DENSITY, AND DEGREE OF DEVELOPMENT OF CONTRIBUTORY AREA. TRIP-MAKING, LAND USE, HIGHWAY SYSTEM, AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DATA WERE ASSEMBLED FROM 15 AREA WIDE TRANSPORTATION STUDIES FOR 28 MAJOR SHOPPING CENTERS, 12 AIRPORTS, AND 54 MAJOR MANUFACTURING PLANTS. DATA REPRESENTED DIFFERENT YEARS AND DIFFERENT DEGREES OF SAMPLING VARIABILITY. TRIP GENERATION WAS STUDIED BY SIMPLE AND MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION, BY LAND AREA AND FLOOR SPACE INDICES, BY PERSON AND VEHICLE TRIPMAKING, STRATIFIED BY TRIP PURPOSE GROUPINGS. TRIP DISTRIBUTION WAS STUDIED ON THE BASIS OF CONTRIBUTORY AREA SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS, BY DISTANCE AND TRAVEL TIME FROM THE GENERATORS. AIRPORTS WERE FOUND TO BE MAJOR GENERATORS NOT ONLY FOR AIR TRAVEL TRIPS, BUT ALSO FOR WORK AND SOCIAL-RECREATION TRIPS. MANUFACTURING PLANTS GENERATE FEW NONWORK TRIPS. SHOPPING CENTER CUSTOMERS RELY ALMOST EXCLUSIVELY ON THE AUTOMOBILE.

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