The Effect of Audio, Visual and Audio- Visual Performance on Perception of Musical Content

Abstract

This investigation was designed to examine the amount of musical information fourth- graders, junior high students, high school students, or university students perceive when presented with videotaped musical performances and to compare amounts of information received under visual, audio or audio-visual conditions. Subjects (N=180) made written comments about what they noticed while viewing one-minute excerpts of stylistically different music (Classical-Instrumental, Classical-Choral, Jazz-Instrumental, Jazz-Choral) across three viewing conditions (Audio-Visual, Audio-Only, Visual-Only). Responses were scored on the basis of the number of correct musical or non-musical comments. Overall, subjects made significantly more musical comments than non-musical; but responses varied across age groups. Results indicated a significant difference among viewing conditions with Audio-Only achieving the highest Music Comment Ratio (musical comments / total comments) and Visual-Only achieving the lowest. There were significant differences among specific style conditions during Audio-Visual and Visual-Only conditions; there were no significant Style effects during Audio-Only conditions. Results are discussed in terms of future research and immediate application to teachers of music.

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