Optimizing Tourism Information Systems: The Roles of Digital Capabilities, Emerging ICT, and Digital Competence

Abstract

In Bali, technology-based tourism information systems (TIS) still present challenges that require further study. This study examines the impact of Digital Capabilities, Emerging ICTs, and Digital Competence on the efficiency of TIS in Bali. The study was initiated with a survey by distributing questionnaires to $\mathbf{1 1 7}$ tourists who visited Bali as a random sample. Three independent variables exist: digital capabilities, emerging ICTs, and digital competence, the dependent variable of TIS. Overall, the results showed that Digital Capabilities and Digital Competence positively impacted the effectiveness of TIS. While limited, key players in emerging ICTs accessed have not been shown to have a precise on-the-ground effect on sector attitudes. It is believed to be due to the gap in technology adoption and the lack of supporting infrastructure. The implications of this study demonstrate the need to increase the digital capacity of human resources in the tourism sector, especially MSMEs, through training programs based on digital literacy. In this regard, collaboration between the Government, academia, and the private sector is required to uniformly expand and strengthen supporting infrastructure and access to the latest ICTs. In theory, these findings enrich the understanding of the interaction of technological relationships with HR competencies-and organizational capabilities in the TIS.

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